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Jacques Desjardin or Jacques Jardin or Jacques Desjardins; (9 February 175911 February 1807) enlisted in the French royal army as a young man and eventually became a sergeant. During the first years of the French Revolutionary Wars he enjoyed very rapid promotion to the rank of general officer in the army of the French First Republic. He saw a great deal of fighting in the north of France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. In the campaign of 1805, he led an infantry division under Marshal Pierre Augereau in Emperor Napoleon's Grande Armée and saw limited fighting. In 1806 and 1807, he fought in several actions, was mortally wounded at the Battle of Eylau, and died three days later. ==Revolution== Born on 9 February 1759 in Angers, France, Desjardin joined the French army on 8 December 1776 at the age of 17. Since his father worked as a humble valet, Desjardin's prospects of advancement in the ''Vivarais'' Infantry Regiment were poor. He became a corporal in 1781 and sergeant in 1789. He was granted leave to see his father in 1790 and immediately threw himself into the task of drilling his hometown National Guard unit. Coming to the attention of the revolutionary authorities, he was appointed adjutant general on 5 August 1791.〔Mullié, ''Jacques Jardin''〕 After a reorganization, Desjardin became lieutenant colonel of the 2nd Battalion of the ''Maine-et-Loire'' National Guard. He led his troops in the Army of the North at the Battle of Jemappes on 6 November 1792. This action was followed by the Siege of Namur,〔 which lasted from early November until the Austrian surrender on 2 December. During the siege, Desjardin's battalion served in the Left Brigade of Louis-Auguste Juvénal des Ursins d'Harville's Reserve Division.〔Smith, 32. Smith misspelled Harville as Marville.〕 In the actions during Charles François Dumouriez's subsequent retreat from Belgium, Desjardin greatly distinguished himself. On 3 September 1793, he received promotion to general of brigade. When he became a general of division on 19 March 1794, he already had charge of three divisions.〔 By 4 May 1794, Desjardin had command over the 31,736-strong ''Army of the Ardennes''. This army consisted of François Muller's division, 14,075 men, Jacques Pierre Fromentin's division, 10,619 soldiers, and Eloi Laurent Despeaux's division, 7,042 troops.〔Smith, 70. The author misspelled Muller as Miller.〕 One month later, Desjardin led the Right Wing of the Army of the North with a strength of 37,147 men. There were 43 infantry battalions, nine cavalry regiments, and three artillery companies under his orders.〔Smith, 71〕 With the better part of this force, Desjardin laid siege to Charleroi. On 3 June, a 28,000-man Austro-Dutch relief force under William V, Prince of Orange defeated him at the Battle of Gosselies, inflicting 2,000 casualties on the 27,000 French who were present and capturing one 12-pound cannon. For a loss of 424 killed and wounded, the allies drove the French south of the Sambre River and broke the siege. Jean-Baptiste Jourdan's 45,000-strong ''Army of the Moselle'' soon joined Desjardin's forces to his own army to form the ''Army of Sambre-et-Meuse''.〔Smith, 83〕 Desjardin participated in the siege of Le Quesnoy, which ended on 16 August 1794 with an Austrian surrender.〔〔Smith, 89〕 During the Siege of Luxembourg his division and two others replaced the original besieging corps. Desjardin's 8th Division counted 12,972 infantry, 682 cavalry, 205 gunners and 188 sappers. His 1st Brigade under Jean-Baptiste Rivet was made up of the 53rd and 87th Line and the 1st Battalion of the ''Sarthe'' Volunteers and the 5th Battalion of the ''Yonne''. Nicolas Soult's 2nd Brigade included the 66th and 116th Line. The division's mounted contingent was the 7th Cavalry Regiment.〔Lefort (1905), 69-71〕 After the reduction of Luxembourg City, which lasted until June 1795, Desjardin remained in the ''Army of the North''. During 1796 or 1797, he became part of the occupation forces of the former Dutch Republic. In October 1801 he was placed on inactive duty.〔〔Smith, 103〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jacques Desjardin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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